11/27/2023 0 Comments Auditory cortex ap psychologySupercell clusters are so specific that researchers looking at fMRI scans can tell exactly what someone is looking at. They pass information about stimuli (lines, angles, edges, and movements) to other regions of the brain where supercell clusters (a team of cells) work to respond to the patterns. Image Courtesy of Myers' AP Psychology Textbook - 2nd EditionĪs mentioned before, feature detectors were discovered by Hubel and Wiesel in the visual cortex. They function best in daylight, and are responsible for helping us to detect fine detail. There are about 6 million of them, clustered in the center of our retina (the fovea). They are also necessary for peripheral vision.Ĭones are our color receptors. They are more light-sensitive and therefore enable us to see in the dark. There are about 120 million of them in the periphery of the retina. Those chemical changes begin a chain reaction in which they first spark neural signals in nearby bipolar cells, which in turn activate ganglion cells-the axons of which converge to form the optic nerve which sends the message on to the thalamus and finally to the visual cortex. The retina contains millions of photoreceptor cells, called rods and cones, that begin this process by triggering chemical changes. Transduction is the process of changing physical energy to neural impulses so that the brain can understand them. Once the image is received on the retina, visual information begins to be processed as this is where transduction occurs. Do you feel it? You should notice that your muscles are working hard to change focus!Ĥ. Then change your focus back to the finger. Then, change your focus and look at the wall. Try folding up your finger □ and focusing on it. You can feel your muscles changing focus with a classic finger to wall focus. This is called accommodation. The lens is curved and flexible so that it can focus the light. It focuses incoming light onto the retina as an upside-down image and changes the shape of light. The more light exposure, the more the pupil constricts.ģ. The iris is a colored muscle that constricts (gets smaller) or dilates (gets larger) based on light intensity. Next, light passes through the pupil, a small opening controlled by the iris. First, light passes through the cornea, a thin tissue that protects the eye and bends light to provide focus.Ģ. Image Courtesy of Myers AP Psychology Textbook - 2nd Editionġ.
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